READ TEXT A AND TEXT B AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS.
TEXT A
[1] Mahatma Gandhi was a great freedom fighter and non-violent activist. He was born in 1869 in Gujarat, India. He completed his schooling in India and went to England for further study of law. He then went to the British colony of South Africa to practise law. There he decided to become a political activist.
[2] Later, he returned to India and started a powerful non-violent movement to fight for India’s independence. Many times, he was sent to prison, but he never discouraged himself and continued fighting for national freedom. He started many mass movements like Noncooperation Movement in 1920 and the Quit India Movement in 1942.
[3] After so many struggles, India gained independence in 1947. A year later, Gandhi was assassinated. Gandhi proved that everything is possible with non-violence and the unity of people. Even after his death, he is still alive in the heart of every Indian as ‘Father of the Nation’.
Adapted from: www.indiacelebrating.com
TEXT B
[1] Martin Luther King was a great symbolic leader who worked for equality and civil rights in the United States. He was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia. He was a bright student and skipped grades in both elementary school and high school. He graduated from high school at fifteen. At university, he learned about Mahatma Gandhi who helped change unfair laws in India by teaching people to protest without violence. He thought he could do the same in the USA.
[2] In 1954, Martin organised a protest against racism on buses in Montgomery, Alabama. He began to organise other non-violent protests, and soon was a leader in the civil rights movement. He was arrested and attacked many times. In 1963, he led a march in Washington D.C. with over 200,000 people. In this march, he gave his famous speech, “I have a dream”, in which he said that people should not be judged by the colour of their skin. Martin was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964. Four years later, he was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee. Martin Luther King’s birthday is a national holiday, and each January his life and work are honoured by Americans.
Adapted from: www.encyclopediaofalabama.org
National exam | Scientific Streams | Catch-up Session 2016 with Answers
